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Brian Johnston "Though Ibsen's plays challenge our notions of naturalist theater they have proved their success with the public. They are invitations to imaginative exploration, mysterious and exhilarating journeys to destinations our theater still has to discover."
- Brian Johnston
Ibsen, Vol. III: Four Plays

Ibsen Voyages
with Brian Johnston

        Ibsen is the creator of superb aesthetic structures - works of dramatic art that are fulfilled in theatric performance. In The Ibsen Cycle, I claim the twelve Realist plays (from Pillars Of Society to When We Dead Awaken) form a single tri-partite Cycle – a sequence with, in Ibsen's words, "mutual connections between the plays," best experienced in the order in which they were written. . George Bernard Shaw long ago pleaded: "The plays should, like Wagner's Ring, be performed in cycles." This could be a project for an Ibsen theatre: maybe with four plays each year from each of the Cycle's three groups, like the classic Athenian tetralogies, the Shakespeare History Cycles or Richard Wagner's Ring Cycle. It could prove fascinating to see how the Cycle's repertory of actors evolves with its evolving dialectic: how characters, scenes, actions and images repeat themselves like variations on musical themes.  Establishing the scale and complexity of this achievement should be a primary goal of Ibsen interpreters and a great source of pleasure for Ibsen aficionados.  Above all, it will bequeath to the theatre a rich and magnificent art work for endless exploration. 

Portrait of Ibsen, Edvard Munch       An Ibsen on this scale initially might be dismaying to many who prefer an artist amenable to more modest theatric and academic agendas. But if no attempt is made to grasp Ibsen's overall intention we will be unable to fathom what he intends by the individual elements of his artistry.  The whole is not only the sum of its parts: the parts cannot fully be understood without seeing their purpose in the whole design.  We have Ibsen's own insistence on this in 1898, at the end of his career.  "Only by grasping and comprehending my entire production as a continuous and coherent whole will the reader be able to receive the precise impression I sought to convey in the individual parts of it."   It is astonishing to what extent those who claim to interpret Ibsen simply ignore this injunction.  By doing so, they betray his legacy.  Every major artist or thinker is doomed to become the hunting ground for innumerable personal academic hobbies, ideologies and special interests determined to distort and torture the work to fit the interpreter's limiting agenda. However, until we establish the nature and scale of Ibsen's work these fragmentary raids upon the whole structure seriously prevent our seeing it truly and seeing it whole.  I believe the Realist Cycle needs to be seen on just the scale Ibsen is claiming, as the most ambitious of Modernist projects. That will the intention behind my interpretation of his Realist Cycle.

      Establishing an awareness of the twelve-play structure as, in Ibsen's own words (mostly disregarded) "a Cycle" with "mutual connection between the plays" that should be experienced "in the order in which they were written" requires a collaborative effort. I believe there is a rich and wide-ranging 'Supertext' of cultural reference on which the plays draw, providing the source of their audacious metaphors, which scholarship needs to bring to light. Exploring this supertext and its metamorphoses in the individual plays, offers Ibsen's admirers one of the most rewarding and adventurous imaginative voyages on which interpretation can embark.

 

ibsenTHE NEW IBSEN COURSE


  IbsenVoyages.com will be offer a 'course' on Ibsen, Romanticism to Realism, tracing the emergence of Ibsen's modern drama from Romantic literature and thought. It will follow the evolution of Ibsen's dramatic art from the 'middle-period' plays, Brand, Peer Gynt and Emperor and Galilean to the great 12-play Realist Cycle, Pillars of Society (1877) to When We Dead Awaken (1899).

  Although the course was designed for a Carnegie Mellon University graduate drama class, the course syllabus, reading list and all class material is freely available to Ibsen enthusiasts and drama devotees. Though you are encouraged to follow the material in the order it was presented to the CMU students, online surveyors of the course can jump in on whichever lectures interest them. The material of the course will change over time as new information, refinements and corrections of the text are added.  

Ibsen Voyages - with Brian Johnston

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